One of the bridge's connecting the Palace to the gardens
also be commissioned, in the 1560s, to design the colossal
Church of the Gesu in Rome, mother church of the Society of
Jesus, the Jesuits, whose founding had been authorized by
Pope Paul III (the older Alessandro Farnese) in 1540 during
the Council of Trent, engine of the Counter Reformation,
which he convened. Cardinal Farnese, at once worldly
and spiritual, seems to have spearheaded the artistic side
of the Counter Reformation, gathering about him and
commissioning the leading artists of the time to create new
built and painted embodiments of faith with a largesse not
seen since Lorenzo di Medici.
We associate the High Renaissance with heavy ornament,
whereas the Mannerist phase, in force until about 1580
in Italy, and epitomized by Caprarola's architect, Vignola,
HYLAND
